Desk with computer, tablet showing economic analysis, and ammunition boxes.
Ammunition Analytics, Analytics and Reports

Mid-2026 Economic State and Sourcing Guide for 7.62x39mm and 5.45x39mm Ammunition

1. Executive Summary

The civilian market for 7.62x39mm and 5.45x39mm ammunition has experienced a structural realignment by mid-2026. Historically, the American shooting public’s relationship with the Kalashnikov platform was defined by the widespread availability of subsidized, steel-cased imports from the Russian Federation. Manufacturers such as Tula, Wolf, Barnaul, and Vympel provided the volume necessary to support high-round-count training regimens at a fraction of the cost of domestic brass ammunition. However, the market has depleted its legacy stockpiles following years of progressive international embargoes and geopolitical conflicts that effectively halted the supply of Russian energetics to the United States.1 The initial market assumption that domestic manufacturing would scale to replace the volume of lost Russian imports has proven incorrect, impacted by supply chain fragility and raw material shortages.

A notable casualty of this domestic production bottleneck is Palmetto State Armory’s Advanced Armament Company (AAC), which was forced into a systemic operational contraction and a production halt of its intermediate cartridges in early 2026.2 Consequently, Kalashnikov operators have adapted to an altered pricing and sourcing paradigm. Shooters are transitioning their reliance toward high-quality Balkan brass imports (such as Igman and Belom), emerging Caucasian steel-cased manufacturers (Tela Impex), and Asian and European commercial alternatives (PMC, Sellier & Bellot).1

This report provides an examination of the macroeconomic forces shaping the 2026 market, an engineering and economic breakdown of the leading 7.62x39mm and 5.45x39mm ammunition lines, and a strategic sourcing guide designed to help operators balance the cost-to-benefit ratio of utilizing premium domestic ammunition against emerging international imports. The objective is to provide an objective understanding of terminal ballistics, mechanical wear, quality control variances, and pricing trends to inform procurement decisions in a supply-constrained era.

2. Macroeconomic and Geopolitical Catalysts Shaping the 2026 Market

The depletion of legacy Russian imports by early 2024 generated a supply vacuum that the global industry is still working to fill in 2026.1 To understand the current pricing tiers and availability metrics across the intermediate cartridge landscape, it is necessary to analyze the upstream macroeconomic variables that are concurrently suppressing supply and elevating the baseline cost per round for the civilian consumer.

The global munitions supply chain is defined by constraints in raw energetics and metallurgical components. A significant industrial accident at a primary explosives manufacturing plant in late 2025 disrupted the domestic production of smokeless powder.4 This incident removed a large percentage of the daily propellant yield from the market, causing disruptions through both tier-one and tier-two ammunition loaders. Concurrently, ongoing global military engagements have required the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to execute large-scale procurement contracts to replenish strategic reserves. Under the Defense Production Act and existing contractual obligations, domestic powder and primer manufacturers prioritize these military fulfillments over commercial civilian output.4

Furthermore, tariff policies enacted on processed metals have increased the procurement costs for raw brass, copper, and the bimetal components necessary for jacket manufacturing.4 The combination of these variables—a reduced supply of smokeless powder, prioritized military allocations absorbing remaining primer stocks, and inflated raw material costs—has established a new pricing floor for the civilian market. The era of sub-thirty-cent intermediate cartridges has concluded. The market has consolidated into a dynamic where budget steel ammunition operates in the $0.45 to $0.62 range, while standard military-specification brass commands anywhere from $0.60 to over $1.00 per round depending on the caliber and manufacturer.1

3. The Energetics Crisis and the Contraction of Domestic Tier-2 Production

The mid-2026 suspension of AAC’s ammunition production serves as a case study of the vulnerabilities inherent in domestic vertical integration attempts during an energetics shortage. JJE Capital’s Advanced Armament Company facility, located in West Columbia, South Carolina, was anticipated by the commercial market to act as a primary domestic successor to Russian steel-cased ammunition.2 Early production lines included various 7.62x39mm offerings alongside variants in 5.56 NATO and 300 AAC Blackout, utilizing proprietary projectiles such as the Saber Blade Black Tip and Hornady-partnered OTMs.7

However, as of January 2026, AAC’s operations transitioned from a temporary manufacturing pause into a confirmed operational contraction, specifically driven by the energetics bottleneck.2 Without a stable, high-volume supply of smokeless powder and Boxer primers, AAC could not maintain the economies of scale required to produce budget-tier ammunition.1 The facility’s inability to secure materials at a cost-effective wholesale rate forced the indefinite suspension of their 7.62x39mm lines, as well as the cancellation of their anticipated 5.45x39mm steel-cased offerings that were slated to launch to the public.1

In response to this upstream bottleneck, JJE Capital has pivoted its strategic investments toward constructing a proprietary gunpowder production facility to bypass tier-one suppliers.2 While this demonstrates a long-term commitment to vertical integration, the physical infrastructure, chemical engineering, and regulatory approvals required for a new explosives plant dictate that it will take years for this facility to positively impact the commercial market.2 For the 2026 consumer, the AAC suspension removes a domestic buffer. It leaves the market highly dependent on international imports to satisfy the high-volume training demands of the AK platform user base.1

Diagram of ammunition supply chain

4. Engineering Mechanics of Intermediate Cartridges

To accurately assess the value proposition of the various ammunition lines available in 2026, it is imperative to establish a foundational understanding of the mechanical and metallurgical variations present in intermediate cartridge manufacturing. The performance, longevity, and overall cost-effectiveness of any given round are dictated by three primary components: the casing, the primer, and the projectile jacket.

The casing material influences both the initial cost of the ammunition and its utility after firing. Brass casings, composed of an alloy of copper and zinc, are relatively soft, malleable, and possess excellent obturation qualities. Upon detonation, a brass case expands uniformly to seal the chamber against rearward gas leakage, before shrinking slightly to allow for extraction.1 Brass is inherently resistant to oxidative rust and is reformable, making it prized for civilian reloading operations. Conversely, mild steel cases are cheaper to manufacture. Steel does not obturate as effectively as brass, leading to increased carbon fouling in the chamber, and it requires a friction-reducing coating—typically a polymer wash or a heavy acrylic lacquer—to prevent the case from seizing in the chamber during the extraction cycle of an AK platform.1 While functional for the over-gassed Kalashnikov system, steel cases are generally discarded after a single use.

Primer technology further divides the market. Boxer primers, predominant in Western and commercial Asian manufacturing, feature a single central flash hole in the casing and contain the impact anvil within the primer cup itself.1 This design facilitates rapid decapping and reloading using standard commercial dies. Berdan primers, standard in former Soviet and current Caucasian manufacturing, utilize two parallel flash holes with the anvil integrated directly into the casing.1 Berdan-primed brass or steel is difficult to reload, requiring specialized hydraulic or pneumatic decapping tools, rendering them non-reloadable for the average consumer.

Finally, the metallurgical composition of the projectile jacket determines the rate of barrel wear. Premium domestic and high-end Balkan imports utilize jackets drawn from pure copper alloys (gilding metal).1 Copper is softer than the steel utilized in barrel manufacturing, meaning that the mechanical friction against the rifling lands and grooves causes minimal erosion. Budget steel-cased ammunition utilizes bimetal jackets, which consist of a mild steel envelope plated with a microscopic wash of copper.1 While the mild steel in the jacket is softer than the barrel steel, it still induces a higher coefficient of friction than pure copper. Operators firing exclusively bimetal jackets will experience accelerated throat erosion and a degradation in match accuracy sooner than those firing pure copper jackets.1

5. Technical and Economic State of the 7.62x39mm Market

With Russian legacy stocks evaporated and domestic budget lines curtailed, the 7.62x39mm market is currently sustained by a diverse array of international suppliers. The 7.62x39mm cartridge remains one of the most prolific intermediate rifle cartridges globally, shielding it from the scarcity seen in more niche calibers.12 The 2026 market can be categorized into three operational tiers: Caucasian Steel, Balkan Military-Spec Brass, and Asian/European Commercial Brass.

5.1 Caucasian Steel: The TelaAmmo Pipeline

Tela Impex has emerged as the direct economic successor to legacy Russian steel-cased ammunition, importing cartridges manufactured at a state-owned munitions facility located in Azerbaijan.1 For operators prioritizing round count over barrel longevity, TelaAmmo represents the primary budget option.

TelaAmmo produces a 124-grain Full Metal Jacket projectile utilizing a bimetal (magnetic) jacket surrounding a lead core.1 To ensure reliable feeding and extraction, the steel cases are coated in a robust lacquer. This lacquer seals the micropores of the steel, preventing atmospheric oxidation during bulk storage and providing the lubricity to extract reliably.1 Operating at muzzle velocities between 2,329 and 2,378 feet per second (fps) and generating roughly 1,495 foot-pounds of muzzle energy, TelaAmmo provides standard ballistic performance that mirrors legacy offerings.13

The primary advantage of TelaAmmo is economic. Averaging between $0.44 and $0.62 per round in bulk, it represents the pricing floor for 7.62x39mm training in 2026.1 However, the bimetal jacket will accelerate barrel wear, and the Berdan primers render the steel cases practically unreloadable.1 Furthermore, quality control inconsistencies regarding the corrosive nature of these primers require operators to adopt stringent cleaning protocols to prevent rusting.

5.2 Balkan Military-Spec Brass: Igman and Belom

The shift in Kalashnikov consumer behavior in 2026 includes a migration toward Balkan brass-cased ammunition.1 Shooters have realized that for a marginal increase in cost over Caucasian steel, they can procure reliable, reloadable, and cleaner military-specification ammunition.

Igman, manufactured in Bosnia and Herzegovina, represents the current standard for bulk brass training. Igman ammunition is manufactured to the strict parameters of the Yugoslavian M67 military specification.1 The 123-grain non-magnetic lead-core projectile operates at 2,550 fps.1 The M67-pattern projectile is flat-based and front-heavy, causing it to rapidly destabilize and yaw upon entry into soft tissue, offering superior terminal ballistics for defensive applications.1 Igman utilizes annealed brass cases and non-corrosive Boxer primers sealed with a red lacquer to provide moisture resistance.1 Priced between $0.57 and $0.71 per round, Igman provides exceptional value.1

Belom, operating out of Serbia with state backing, offers match-grade consistency in a bulk military format. Firing a 123-grain FMJ, Belom is engineered with stringent quality control, boasting standard deviations in muzzle velocity that rival precision loads.1 Belom ammunition is heavily sealed with lacquer at both the primer pocket and the case mouth, providing an exceptional shelf life engineered for long-term storage.1 The brass cases are highly concentric, making them popular among civilian handloaders. Prices for Belom average between $0.70 and $0.95 per round depending on bulk availability.1

Prvi Partizan (PPU), another major Serbian manufacturer, provides rugged brass ammunition built with noticeably thicker brass case walls than standard commercial offerings, making them highly suitable for reloaders.1 Operating at 2,460 fps, PPU commands slightly higher prices, ranging from $0.95 to $1.15 per round.1

5.3 Asian and European Commercial Brass: PMC Bronze and Sellier & Bellot

Manufactured in South Korea by the Poongsan Corporation, PMC Bronze bridges the gap between bulk military surplus and refined commercial target ammunition.1 PMC takes a distinctly different approach to projectile design, utilizing a 123-grain Full Metal Jacket Boat-Tail (FMJ-BT) projectile operating at 2,350 fps.21 The implementation of a boat-tail design reduces aerodynamic drag, stabilizing the projectile more effectively at ranges surpassing 200 yards compared to standard flat-base projectiles.1 PMC is manufactured with rigorous dimensional checks on its reloadable brass cases and Boxer primers. Priced between $0.76 and $1.00 per round, PMC Bronze is an excellent commercial alternative for shooters who require indoor range compliance.1

Sellier & Bellot (S&B), operating out of the Czech Republic, provides another meticulous commercial load.1 S&B utilizes a 124-grain FMJ projectile with a high-grade copper alloy jacket, completely eliminating the accelerated barrel wear associated with bimetal jackets and ensuring compliance at indoor ranges.1 The visibly annealed brass cases are highly regarded by handloaders, and the ammunition generally retails between $0.71 and $0.80 per round, making it a highly competitive option for target shooters.1

5.4 Domestic Premium and Specialized Offerings

Domestic production of 7.62x39mm in 2026 is largely reserved for premium hunting, specialized defensive applications, and strict indoor range compliance. Because domestic manufacturers must utilize cost-intensive copper-alloy jackets and Boxer-primed brass, they cannot compete on unit price with international imports.1

Hornady Black serves as a precision benchmark for the caliber. Utilizing a 123-grain Super Shock Tip (SST) projectile traveling at 2,350 fps, Hornady Black is optimized for modern semi-automatic sporting rifles.1 The SST projectile features a polymer tip that initiates controlled expansion upon impact. Furthermore, Hornady utilizes a clean-burning propellant technology that reduces the operating temperatures of the gas system.1 This progressive burn profile minimizes muzzle flash and cuts down on carbon fouling, making it ideal for suppressed direct-impingement AR-47 platforms.1 However, at $1.60 to $1.90 per round, it is economically prohibitive for high-volume training.1

Other domestic offerings, such as Winchester White Box (operating at 2,365 fps) and Federal American Eagle (2,300 fps), represent standard commercial training lines.1 While they offer excellent reliability, they typically average $1.30 to $1.75 per round.1 In the 2026 market, these domestic training rounds are frequently viewed as being overpriced for bulk utility compared to Balkan and European imports.1

ManufacturerOriginCase TypePrimerProjectileAvg. VelocityPrice Range (2026)Market Segment
TelaAmmoAzerbaijanLacquered SteelBerdan124gr Bimetal FMJ2,330 fps$0.44 – $0.62High-Volume Budget
IgmanBosniaAnnealed BrassBoxer123gr Copper FMJ (M67)2,550 fps$0.57 – $0.71Standard Training
BelomSerbiaAnnealed BrassBoxer123gr Copper FMJ2,350 fps$0.70 – $0.95Storage / Precision
Sellier & BellotCzech Rep.Annealed BrassBoxer124gr Copper FMJN/A$0.71 – $0.80Range Safe / Target
PMC BronzeSouth KoreaBrassBoxer123gr Copper FMJ-BT2,350 fps$0.76 – $1.00Accuracy / Range Safe
Hornady BlackUSABrassBoxer123gr SST2,350 fps$1.60 – $1.90Defense / Hunting
Federal A.E.USABrassBoxer124gr Copper FMJ2,300 fps$1.30 – $1.47Domestic Target

6. Technical and Economic State of the 5.45x39mm Market

The 5.45x39mm cartridge was engineered to replace the heavier 7.62x39mm, firing a lighter projectile at higher velocities to achieve a flatter trajectory and reduced recoil.26 Historically, the U.S. 5.45x39mm market was sustained by affordable military surplus, notably the 7N6 steel-core loading.27 Following a 2014 regulatory ruling that banned 7N6 importation, consumers relied on commercial Russian steel imports.27 However, the 5.45x39mm market in the United States has suffered disproportionately from the subsequent Russian import bans.26 While 7.62x39mm is manufactured globally by dozens of allied nations, 5.45x39mm production facilities remain localized to former Soviet bloc states and specific Eastern European arsenals. As a result, the 2026 market for 5.45x39mm is characterized by structural scarcity, a lack of brand diversity, and inflated prices compared to historical norms.

6.1 The TelaAmmo Position in 5.45x39mm Steel

Tela Impex currently stands as the primary importer supplying high-volume, steel-cased 5.45x39mm to the United States.10 The TelaAmmo 5.45x39mm load features a 65-grain FMJ bimetal projectile seated in a lacquered steel case utilizing a Berdan primer.11 Operating between 2,959 fps and 2,988 fps, this ammunition provides the expected flat trajectory required for the AK-74 platform.11

The economic reality of this localized supply, however, is challenging for the consumer. TelaAmmo 5.45x39mm commands prices ranging between $0.54 and $0.73 per round.29 Operators are essentially paying brass-case 7.62 pricing for steel-case 5.45 ammunition. Furthermore, consumer reports regarding TelaAmmo’s 5.45x39mm lines cite instances of corrosive primers despite explicitly “non-corrosive” marketing claims printed on the packaging.32 Shooters are forced to pay higher prices for steel-cased ammunition that mandates rigorous corrosive cleaning protocols.

6.2 Brass-Cased Alternatives: Hornady and Global Ordnance

Because affordable commercial steel is constrained and military surplus is banned, operators seeking precision, reloadability, or non-bimetal 5.45x39mm must turn to specialized brass-cased runs.27

Global Ordnance has partnered with manufacturing facilities in the Czech Republic to produce a high-quality 55-grain FMJ brass-cased 5.45x39mm cartridge.34 Engineered to European C.I.P. standards rather than American SAAMI specs, this load ensures reliable chambering and extraction in authentic Eastern bloc chambers. Utilizing a Boxer primer, it generates approximately 2,854 fps of muzzle velocity with 995 foot-pounds of kinetic energy, generating a maximum chamber pressure of 51,500 psi.34 Priced between $0.75 and $0.99 per round, Global Ordnance provides a non-corrosive, reloadable option to AK-74 operators.36

For specialized terminal ballistics, Hornady produces a 5.45x39mm load within their Hornady Black line, utilizing their proprietary 60-grain V-Max projectile.37 Clocking in at roughly 2,810 fps, the V-Max is a polymer-tipped varmint projectile.37 Upon impact with soft tissue, the polymer tip is driven backward into the swaged lead core, initiating rapid fragmentation. While effective for pest control, small game hunting, and precision bench-rest shooting, its cost—averaging $0.85 to $1.06 per round—limits its utility as a high-volume training round.40

ManufacturerOriginCase TypePrimerProjectileAvg. VelocityPrice Range (2026)Market Segment
TelaAmmoAzerbaijanLacquered SteelBerdan65gr Bimetal FMJ2,974 fps$0.54 – $0.73High-Volume Budget
Global OrdnanceCzech Rep.BrassBoxer55gr Copper FMJ2,854 fps$0.75 – $0.99Standard Training
Hornady BlackUSABrassBoxer60gr V-Max2,810 fps$0.85 – $1.06Precision / Varmint
Bar chart comparing average cost per pound of

7. Quality Control, the Corrosion Controversy, and Chemical Realities

The geopolitical pivot away from legacy Russian manufacturing to emerging Caucasian state facilities has exposed the civilian market to inconsistent quality control standards. A pressing mechanical issue in the mid-2026 market is the ongoing controversy regarding the corrosive nature of specific Tela Impex ammunition lots.33

Historically, Soviet-bloc military ammunition utilized Berdan primers formulated with potassium chlorate to ensure ignition reliability in extreme sub-zero temperatures. Upon detonation, these chlorate primers leave a microscopic residue of potassium chloride salts deposited throughout the barrel and gas system.28 These salts are highly hygroscopic; they attract and absorb moisture directly from the ambient humidity. Once hydrated, the salts create a galvanic environment that accelerates oxidative rusting.43

When TelaAmmo initially entered the U.S. market, it was marketed and explicitly packaged in boxes labeled “Non-Corrosive”.10 However, field testing and user reporting throughout late 2025 and 2026 revealed that specific production lots—particularly within the 5.45x39mm lines, but also observed within the 7.62x39mm lines—were inadvertently loaded with corrosive Berdan primers.32 Market analysts suspect that during the scaling of production at the Azerbaijani facility, older, military-surplus corrosive primer stocks were mixed into commercial export batches.

This quality control variance alters the functional cost-to-benefit ratio of purchasing TelaAmmo. Operators utilizing this ammunition must proactively assume and treat Caucasian steel as corrosive to prevent degradation of their rifles.45 This requires a specialized understanding of chemical maintenance. Standard synthetic gun oils and popular solvents are chemically incapable of dissolving potassium chloride salts.43 To effectively neutralize the corrosive threat, operators must aggressively flush the barrel, gas tube, and gas block with hot water (or a specialized water-based solvent) to physically dissolve and wash away the hygroscopic residue. This must be followed immediately by thorough drying and heavy oil lubrication.43

For shooters invested in highly toleranced platforms, the risk of pitting in the bore and gas block frequently outweighs the monetary savings of TelaAmmo. This factor is a primary catalyst driving the market toward the chemical safety of Balkan Boxer-primed brass.46

8. Strategic Sourcing Guide and Cost-to-Benefit Analysis

With volatility continuing to dictate the global supply chain and domestic producers like AAC sidelined, 2026 operators must optimize their procurement strategies. Selecting ammunition requires a cost-to-benefit analysis that evaluates barrel life, platform wear, cleaning protocols, and intended application.

8.1 The High-Volume Trainer Profile

For operators running high round-count courses or managing commercial rental fleets, the lowest cost per round remains the critical metric.

The optimal choice for this profile is TelaAmmo (specifically in 7.62x39mm). At approximately $0.50 per round, TelaAmmo allows the operator to achieve 15% to 20% more live-fire trigger time for the exact same budgetary allocation compared to purchasing entry-level brass.1 Over a 10,000-round training cycle, the financial savings are notable. However, the operator must accept two mechanical penalties. First, the bimetal jacket accelerates throat erosion and general barrel wear.1 Second, operators must factor in the time and logistical burden of executing aqueous corrosive-cleaning protocols.43 For the typical Kalashnikov operator whose rifle is designed to digest rough metallurgical components, replacing a worn barrel is ultimately more cost-effective than the capital saved by shooting budget steel.

8.2 The Range-Compliant and Reloading Profile

A significant percentage of the shooting population resides in urban environments where indoor ranges restrict or ban the use of bimetal jackets due to fire and backstop damage risks. Furthermore, precision shooters and preppers often seek to recycle their spent casings.

The optimal choices for this profile are Igman, Belom, PMC Bronze, or Sellier & Bellot (in 7.62x39mm). Balkan and Asian/European brass represent an optimal balance in the 2026 intermediate cartridge market. For an average premium of $0.15 to $0.25 per round over TelaAmmo, operators bypass the accelerated barrel wear of bimetal jackets and gain access to non-corrosive, Boxer-primed cases.1 PMC Bronze offers aerodynamic stability for longer engagements, while Sellier & Bellot offers exceptional dimensional quality and pure copper jackets to ensure indoor range compliance.1 Furthermore, Igman’s adherence to the M67 specification provides effective terminal yawing characteristics, making it a viable dual-purpose round.1

8.3 The Long-Term Prepper and Stockpiler Profile

Ammunition intended to be stored untouched for years is subjected to high humidity, extreme temperature fluctuations, and galvanic corrosion. For the stockpiler, the structural integrity of the casing and the environmental sealing of the energetic components are paramount.

The optimal choices for this profile are Belom (7.62x39mm) or Global Ordnance (5.45x39mm). Belom explicitly engineers its military-grade ammunition for harsh environments, applying heavy lacquer sealants to both the primer pocket and the case mouth, actively repelling moisture ingress.1 Sold frequently in thick plastic battle packs or heavy-duty metal M2A1 canisters, Belom acts as a mitigation strategy against degradation.18 Global Ordnance provides a similar high-quality brass option for the 5.45x39mm market, ensuring that stockpiled ammunition remains free from the oxidative rusting inherent to lacquered steel cases.34

8.4 The Precision and Hunting Profile

Operators running high-end, direct-impingement AR-47 platforms, accurized AKs, or those actively engaging medium game require specialized terminal ballistics and consistency in powder charges to ensure reliable cycling.

The optimal choice for this profile is Hornady Black (available in 7.62x39mm SST or 5.45x39mm V-Max). At nearly $1.75 per round for 7.62×39, Hornady Black is cost-prohibitive for routine, high-volume training.1 However, its proprietary propellant reduces operating temperatures and carbon buildup, critical for preventing malfunctions in the tighter tolerances of DI AR-47 gas systems.1 Furthermore, the ballistic coefficient of the SST projectile and the fragmentation of the polymer-tipped V-Max projectile provide reliable expansion on soft tissue.1

9. Future Projections and Procurement Strategies

The mid-2026 7.62x39mm and 5.45x39mm ammunition market is defined by raw material constraints, suspended domestic production, and reliance on international supply chains. The operational suspension of AAC’s domestic lines indicates that the baseline operating cost for the platform has increased.1

For the 7.62x39mm operator, the market has stabilized through the intervention of capable Balkan, European, and Asian manufacturers. By pivoting to Igman, Belom, PMC, and Sellier & Bellot, shooters secure reliable, clean-burning, and reloadable brass ammunition.1 TelaAmmo remains the budget option, mandating chemical cleaning discipline and an acceptance of mechanical wear.1

Conversely, the 5.45x39mm market remains constrained. Captured largely by Tela Impex’s inconsistent steel loads, and supplemented by specialized brass runs from Global Ordnance and Hornady, the 5.45x39mm is transitioning from a high-volume combat caliber into a premium niche format.27

Navigating the 2026 intermediate ammunition market requires an objective cost-to-benefit analysis. By aligning procurement strategies with specific operational profiles, users can mitigate supply chain volatility and maintain consistent ammunition availability.

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Sources Used

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